Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 13

Rhetorical Analysis - Essay Example She jumps to the stage and starts singing and dancing, and along with her, everybody dances. The dwarfed dancers sing and dance aside the eatables over the tables as the astonished and overwhelmed real-size guests watch them. In the end, one of the female guests passes a compliment for the girl, appreciating her energy and performance. The commercial ends with the girl’s wink to the audience. The main idea of the whole commercial is that Pepsi is the answer to all the thirst and tiredness, and the effect is equally strong upon people of all ages and all ethnicities. Pepsi instills all the freshness and energy in the person who drinks it that he/she needs to rock. The performers have been purposely dwarfed in the commercial. This variation in size not only adds a lot of drama in the commercial, but also suggests that those who drink Pepsi are taken by its joy into an imaginary world of happiness and joy where they can sing and dance and party wherever they want. Nothing could be more appropriate to end the commercial with than the wink of the girl that has been the center of attention throughout the commercial. Ever since the conception of Pepsi around the start of the 20th century, one of its primary goals has been outselling Coca-Cola because it is Pepsi’s main competitor. Pepsi has been using commercials to promote its product for decades. Pepsi has run numerous campaigns, including famous celebrities in many of them to make a claim. The fundamental ideology behind this has been that ordinary people should drink Pepsi because stars and celebrities drink it. For instance, the â€Å"Joy of Cola† campaign of Pepsi run in the late 90’s, Pepsi used a combination of factors including catchy jingles, humor, and celebrities to sell itself. The pathos, logos, and ethos used in â€Å"Joy of Cola† have helped Pepsi bring its consumers in the new millennium. The Pepsi jingle for this campaign was a very suitable jingle for Pepsi because it had the tendency

Political campaigns Essay Example for Free

Political campaigns Essay Political campaigns also provide much to reflect and think upon. They are also vastly entertaining particularly as the gloves come out and opposing parties start to play for keeps. Campaign ads are a powerful tool to cast yourself in a specific way, like trustworthy, honourable, and ready to get things done. However they can also be used to make your opponent look foolish, incompetent etc. A well written and developed add can be very affective no matter the content but some ads just go above and beyond. My favourite political add from 2006 was the Western for Bill Richardson for Governor. This ad is a particular favourite not for who was running but for the creativity of the ad. What is more American than a western? The commercial is quintessentially American. Sheriffs are naturally portrayed as being honest, trustworthy, brave, ready to right wrongs, ready to fight. Just by portraying Bill Richardson as the sheriff all of these virtues are implied without having to even mention them. It is a great parallel that some of Richardson’s accomplishments mesh with traditional sheriff duties such as jailing of violent criminals. Not only is the western traditional and symbolic but the humour that is displayed at the end just adds to the campaign. It shows that Richardson is not afraid to have fun and laugh at himself a bit. After all what sheriff would walk into a saloon and ask for milk. In the old days that would be the beginning of a fight right then and there. This commercial was particularly well done. It told an interesting story particularly in pictures and it played to Richardson’s strengths. It is a traditional campaign move to attack your opponents and display them in a negative like but I appreciate how Richardson keeps the focus on himself. After all if you are trying to promote yourself the best way is to show your strengths. Someone will display the opposition’s weakness; it always happens so why not try to have some fun. This political add looked like a lot of fun and I am sure Richardson had a lot of fun making it.

Siddhartha :: essays research papers

Siddhartha was a young boy living in the wealthy part of India with his parents. His father, a rich and powerful priest taught him how to read people. At an early stage in his life Siiddhartha could understand people and could hold conversations with the best of even the elders. He was a very impressionable young fellow, and also was very handsome. Siddhartha was supposed to take after is father and be a Brahmin, He too was to become rich and powerful. By the time Siddhartha was a teenage boy he had already made up his mind that he had learned everything he could learn from elders and his teacher. He needed to find other ways that would help him find what he is looking for. Siddhartha hear the preaching of many priest. He developed this thirst for more knowledge, he seem to be a â€Å"vessel that was not full† PG 3 Siddhartha discovered that with all the teachings he learned from others just did not quench his thirst for knowledge. He was not happy and needed to go out into the world to find out who he really is. Siddhartha told his father he wanted to go wandering, seeking knowledge, and he wanted to take no possessions with him. He wanted to become a Samana, (a nomad). His father disagreed with him, and Siddhartha threw a tantrum. He protested his father’s disagreement by standing by a window all night long. His father eventually gives into Siddhartha’s wishes and agreed to let him go. His father says to him â€Å"if you find salvation in the forest, you should come back and teach me†. Pg 7 So Siddhartha set out on his quest for knowledge, his friend Govinda accompanied him. This remains me of when I was young, the age when I thought I knew everything. I got my first apartment, which made me feel like an adult woman, and I felt as if I knew it all. My mother was not happy about this and she voiced her disapproval. Like Siddhartha, I also threw a tantrum and was very rebellious. I locked myself in the bathroom hoping this would change my mothers’ mind, it did not, and she still disagreed. However, after sometime she finally gives in and approves of me moving into my own place. This was know as cutting the apron string. Siddhartha was still young and was soon on his way to discover the world.

Cemex Case Study Analysis

Global Competitive Strategies EXTERNAL ANALYSIS PESTEL ANALYSIS Political factors: -restriction and regulation of imports, exports and trade tariffs decide whether a company can compete globally: eg. GATT agreement in 1989, Mexico-open marketplace, enabled Cemex to expand globally. – governments may decide to nationalize or privatize the cement production; eg. Venezuela nationalized cement production. – political stability of a country will highly affect the performance of the industry Economic factors any firm in the industry is highly dependent on the economic performance of country/countries it operates in ( changes in expandable income, performance of firms within the country are affected). -emerging economies provide great opportunities for growth in the industry; expanding infrastructure. – fluctuating exchange rates also impact performance – rising costs of production and capital affect a firm’s competitiveness Social factors -Demographics: c an affect things such as the size of the labour force, the demand for housing, etc. all of which have an impact on the cement industry. Technological factors -The technology used in the production of cement is constantly evolving; innovations can impact cost and quality of products. -Innovations in technology of information systems have an impact on costs of distribution and provide added value for the consumers. Porter’s Five Forces (industry analysis)- The key determinant of a firm’s profitability is the attractiveness of the industry it operates in; 5 forces model assumes that industry attractiveness and the firm’s competitive position within the industry are influenced by 5 forces: 1. Entrance of new competitors: Barriers to entry are relatively high: a. High capital costs (capital requirements) + b. Low efficiency industry: the minimum efficiency level is aprox. 1 mil. tons a year + c. High transportation costs and logistics + – the benefits of generating economies of scale would be very high in the industry d. low product differentiation within the industry – -make global cement production fragmented, the four largest producers account for only 23% of overall demand e. the technology used in the production of cement is constantly changing; high R&D costs + f. ccess to distribution channels depends highly on the location of plants and resources; plants need to have competitive location + – if plants are near water distribution channels, the costs are significantly diminished 2. Bargaining power of buyers: a. Cement is very much considered a commodity or consumer product, variation depending on geographical region; buyer concentration is relat ively low, therefore buyer power is also lower. + b. Due to low supplier concentration and low product differentiation, buyer switching costs are relatively low and consumers are more price sensitive, which adds to the bargaining power of the buyers. the higher the bargaining power of the buyers/consumers, the lower the profitability of the industry) – c. Cement purchases tend to require a substantial amount of buyers’ income, therefore the performance of the industry is highly dependent on the economic welfare of the buyers and the performance of the economy in general. 3. Bargaining power of the supplier: a. Low concentration of suppliers means that suppliers have relatively low bargaining power – b. Low concentration of buyers means that buyer bargaining power is relatively low + 4. Rivalry a. Generally, supplier concentration in the industry is low; however, if you look at integrated cement production, suppliers are concentrated (aprox. 1500, out of which 4 are main global players). In terms of global players, rivalry is high. 5. Threat of substitutes a. Given the fact that cement is necessary for the construction industry and the development of infrastructure all over the world, it is unlikely that it will be substituted in the near future. Opportunities – huge growth potential in Mexico, due to demographics, attractive market characteristics and expected infrastructure development. Growth potential in all developing countries. – significant savings and less cash flow volatility as a result of cost synergies resulted from acquisitions such as RMC, Valenciana, Sanson and Southdown. †¢ Long-term growth markets: Cemex’s strategy is primarily focused on markets with highpotential for long-term expansion such as the US and Eastern Europe †¢ Cemex – Ready Mix USA joint venture: Cemex has the opportunity to consolidate its presence in the Southeastern region of the US through Ready Mix USA’s local management team and focus on customers Threats cement production is a very cyclical industry; highly depends on the economic performance of the country – increased competition from global players both on a national and global level. – Political instability: political instability in certain countries could have a negative impact on Cemex’s local operations †¢ Venezuelan nationalization: on April 3, 2008, the Venez uelan Government announced the nationalization of the local cement industry, aiming to take full operative control of cement producers in Venezuela through the acquisition of a participation within a range from 60% to 100% if required. On August 18, 2008, PDVSA, the state-owned Venezuelan oil monopoly, took operational control of Cemex Venezuela’s facilities. †¢ Higher exposure to the US market: as a result of the acquisition of Rinker, Cemex has strongly raised its exposition in the battered US building market †¢ Competition against major players: Cemex competes in its main markets with other world-class players such as Holcim and Lafarge †¢ Rising costs of basic inputs: increments in the price of energy (primarily electricity andnatural gas) have a direct negative impact on output and distribution costs. However,Cemex has implemented an alternative fuel program in order to improve its capacity toabsorb this type of fluctuations †¢ Risks associated to RMC integration: the incorporation of the RMC Group is the first integration of an international player into the structure of Cemex, which has to simultaneously coordinate new operations on a global scale mainly focused on ready-mix and aggregates, whereas cement has traditionally been Cemex’s core product. Global recession: in an international recessionary environment Cemex’s sales will be negatively impacted in its key markets INTERNAL ANALYSIS Core Competencies: -Production of cement is its core competency, but also good in the production of ready-mix concrete and aggregates. -Its ability to brand these products is a valuable asset and a sustained competitive advantage. Existing strategies and objectives Porter Four Generic Aquisition vs. Greenfield Cemex chose to enter foreign markets through acquisition rather than starting up greenfiled operation. The rationale behind this was that this strategy is cost effective and time saving. The estimated cost of acquisition for a cement multinational is much lower than building a new plant. Production and distribution systems are already in place and they are also acquiring the local management know-how which is both time efficient and cost effective way of entering a new market. Competitive Profile: how does the company match up against its competitors.

Operation management tma worksheet

Second, Hazelwood has made investments in plant; they build a manufacture in London with 1 million productions of sandwiches per week but when they invest more by building Manton Wood they produce more by 3 million sandwiches. Also with new powerful machines, they could reduce the human resources costs because fewer tasks need to be done . Also the stock levels will be reduced so that this will be successful for the company.Third reasons lead Hazelwood Sandwiches to make investments in the product that customers are looking for quality, different types of Sandwich to compare it when they are abroad, So Hazelwood try to provide a high quality, healthy and delicious sandwiches in order to meet the customer demand. In addition providing different types of sandwiches to satisfy all types of tastes and modify old items or create new ones. Over all, there are many other reasons that lead Hazelwood to made capital investment . ln fact they are trying to gain competitive advantage to maximiz e the wealth of owners.They use different techniques to evaluate the investment opportunities, and then choose the best project. Moreover, Hazelwood maintain a brand name because of its sandwiches, Actually every company should investment in people, product and plant. Question 2 Hazelwood's investment decision techniques Investment decisions are important for the growth of the business because an investment includes financial resources for purchasing assets such building or equipment's which will bring economic benefit for the company. Those decisions are difficult and expensive to refuse once it has been ventured.Actually Hazelwood's uses various capital investment appraisal techniques to measure which project is more profitable. First method is Payback period which is the length of time that the investment takes to pay back the net cash inflows form the project. Projects will be selected according to the period the business sets and the shorter ones are preferred. The advantages o f this method that it's easy and quick to calculate or understood by users, avoiding risks and its good for the startup business to calculate the time needed to prepay the original investment.The disadvantages are that it onsiders about the time not the value of money, the relevant information such as the cash flows beyond the payback period are ignored and it doesn't consider maximizing the wealth of owners because it looks for the short project periods while longer beneficial project might be ignored. The second is Net Present Value includes all the money of an investment; It calculates the benefits from the investment against all the costs of this investment with allowance for the timing of them. The rule is to choose the project with the higher value and the positive ones not the negative ones.For its advantages, it considers about the objects of the business, maximizing the profits, it takes all the relevant cash flows in account and the timing of cash flow. For the disadvantag es, there are some risks for example a machine doesn't works, or that interests may lost in investment, also the problems of inflation which consider the loss in the purchasing power of money. The third is the Accounting Rate of Return which calculates the average operating profits over the average investment to earn those profits in the form of percentage.It's about achieving the target with higher ARR projects. The advantages that it represents a percentage and it consider the performance before it has performed. The disadvantages about using the accounting profits to measure the performance over the life of product, also different sizes of investments competing and using of average investment cause problems. Over all, those are the three investment decision techniques that Hazelwood uses in evaluation the investment opportunities.Each method ranks projects according to some compared features. With those techniques the most profitable project will be chosen. Question 3 Invest in p eople Investing in workforces is the lifeblood for any business, actually it's important to make investments in human resources because they are the main role of the business and attects it pertormance. Also well trained and experienced employees give advantage for the company because they are the workforce that a control the process in which the business operates.So the company should ensure that their employees are well trained, motivated and loyalty to their Jobs. Additionally maintain the satisfaction of the employee will raise the employee performance and focus to achieve the business objectives. Also this will improves their skills in doing the tasks. On one hand, Hazelwood provides flexible working environment: include the induction program which introduced the new employee to the organization and to its role, also programs that make the new employees feel they are a part of the team.Second, Family-friendly HR practices to understand the employee's circumstances such as the w orking hours for the mothers to look for their families and offers a paid time off for pregnant women's. Third, providing training and development opportunities which will enhance the commitment and improve the skills in doing the asks as fast as possible, also opportunities to take National Vocational Qualifications relevant to the food industry. Hazelwood try to provide facilities in the Job environment by providing gyms, hair dressers, shops, restaurants and cleaning services.In addition, the employee's expectations about the nature of work should be met. On the other hand, Hazelwood plain and monitor the performance of its employees to give them reward packages for their high performance. With those methods Hazelwood achieved to be the employee's brand that it's the choice of the employees because they know how to take care of their employees offer them good ay packages. As a result, Hazelwood decreases the labour turnover and reduces the levels of absenteeism also the costs of recruitment.Beside of Hazelwood there are other companies that invest in people in such as the National Bank of Kuwait; they believe that investing in people will benefit them in future. Actually 1800 Kuwaitis has been trained in 2012 and it will always provide training and developments opportunities to encourage their employees. Also ZAIN Company provides programs of training such as ongoing coaching, sending employees outside to complete their high education and induction. Last but not least T;D Team provides training and developments for the employees in order to improved their skills, performance and knowledge.Question 4 Workforce greatest assets For all businesses workforces are the role assets; In fact they are the people who achieve the company objectives. They should be looking after them starting from the managers, suppliers, employers, employee and all of them. Actually investing in people adds value to the organization especially for innovation companies such as Google be cause they rely on the experience of their human resources rather than nything else. The importance of workforces has different points of view. First the HRM function perspective which considers about managing people and carrying out their activities.It's responsible for ensuring that the people are in their right places with right skills by recruiting, selecting, developing and monitoring. HR believes that people performance affects the business performance so they provide training and development opportunities to maximize their performance. Also monitor the performance to ensure that they are on the right track and provides them with feedback. Moreover they provide reward systems to encourage them to achieve their targets and make sure that they are satisfied, motivated, appreciated and loyal to their Jobs.Moreover, this will build the organization's reputation as a social, ethical and responsible organization in order to gain a competitive advantage. Second the accounting functio n which considers about the financial accepts of the business. To achieve the HR function activities, the business should be able to afford the costs associated with those activities. Here the workforces are important because they guarantee bringing money to the business. But before going a step the business should think of the investment returns and risks.As if sending an employee to take English courses, how much of benefits this will bring in the future benefits. Moreover developing the skills of employees will raise the production levels as they have experience, finish the tasks on time and do it perfectly . So they will be able to develop or create new products or advanced technology. Also maintaining a positive reputation that will help them to raise money in the market and the financial advisors will advise the investors to invest in the business. Additionally, the company will gain a brand name which will decrease the costs of recruitment and advertising.

Free Essays on Accounting And Financial Decision Making

Most executives and business owners ascertain company health based purely on the financial end result. However, impropriety does not always reveal itself on the balance sheets. In an article by Joseph T. Wells in the Journal of Accountancy the problem of cash register theft is addressed and illustrates the effect on a company’s financial health. In the article, an internal auditor was ask to investigate why on particular store had lost money for three consecutive years. The author, a fraud examiner, worked with the auditor to determine where the money was going and the method used to obtain it. The first clue was when refund slips were discovered that were for exact even amounts, which is not typical of refunds. It was found that the company’s accounting method of verifying net sales against bank deposits aid the culprit in the embezzlement of thousands of dollars in cash over the previous three years. If the company had at any time performed a horizontal analysis of income statements a red flag would have appeared because of increased refunds in comparison to sales. A former manager, no longer with the company, was soon discovered to be the culprit. The former employee’s personal finances were going to have to be examined in order to solidify the case and provide concrete evidence against the employee. There are three ways that these personal records could be acquired, through an attorney, through the police or both. The company’s CEO elected to have the police subpoena the former manager for all his personal banking information over the last three years. By examination the auditor was able to match the amounts from refund receipts to exact unexplained cash deposits in the former manager's bank account. One of the most surprising discoveries was more than $600,000 of the missing $800,000 total had been openly deposited into the manager’s account. The final outcome to the case was unfortunate and all too common. The Pros... Free Essays on Accounting And Financial Decision Making Free Essays on Accounting And Financial Decision Making Most executives and business owners ascertain company health based purely on the financial end result. However, impropriety does not always reveal itself on the balance sheets. In an article by Joseph T. Wells in the Journal of Accountancy the problem of cash register theft is addressed and illustrates the effect on a company’s financial health. In the article, an internal auditor was ask to investigate why on particular store had lost money for three consecutive years. The author, a fraud examiner, worked with the auditor to determine where the money was going and the method used to obtain it. The first clue was when refund slips were discovered that were for exact even amounts, which is not typical of refunds. It was found that the company’s accounting method of verifying net sales against bank deposits aid the culprit in the embezzlement of thousands of dollars in cash over the previous three years. If the company had at any time performed a horizontal analysis of income statements a red flag would have appeared because of increased refunds in comparison to sales. A former manager, no longer with the company, was soon discovered to be the culprit. The former employee’s personal finances were going to have to be examined in order to solidify the case and provide concrete evidence against the employee. There are three ways that these personal records could be acquired, through an attorney, through the police or both. The company’s CEO elected to have the police subpoena the former manager for all his personal banking information over the last three years. By examination the auditor was able to match the amounts from refund receipts to exact unexplained cash deposits in the former manager's bank account. One of the most surprising discoveries was more than $600,000 of the missing $800,000 total had been openly deposited into the manager’s account. The final outcome to the case was unfortunate and all too common. The Pros...

Essay on Dreams Margaret Thatcher and willy

Essay on Dreams Margaret Thatcher and willy Essay on Dreams: Margaret Thatcher and willy Dreams can be life enhancing but they can also be destructive. Compare and contrast how dreams and dreaming are presented to us in these two plays. Dreams can give opportunity for a better life but can also be destructive. They can be partly successful shown through the character Marlene but can have devastating consequences for characters in both plays, especially in Death of a Salesman through the characters Willy and Biff. In the two plays, Willy and Marlene both dream of being successful in business but however, have a different perception of how to achieve this dream. Miller’s Death of a Salesman focuses on the American Dream, or at least Willy Loman’s version of it. Many people believe in The American Dream and its role in shaping peoples success. Willy had the wrong perspective of this dream, and believed the key to success was to be â€Å"well-liked† which would then open doors to business and success. He also thought, business men were risk-takers and adventurers like his uncle Ben. Willy is envious of Ben's success in the business world, â€Å"William, when I walked into the jungle, I was seventeen. When I walked out I was twenty-one. And, by God, I was rich!† - Ben's American Dream is the ability to start with nothing and somehow make a fortune. Marlene on the other hand, doesn't care if she's â€Å"well-liked† and becomes successful independently. This happened through the system of which was happening around that time, ‘Capitalism.’ This is a system of free enterprise. This means that the government doesn’t interfere in the economy and everyone earns their own money. This system was put into power by Margaret Thatcher in the early 80s. Marlene was Capitalist and was encouraged by Thatcher and worked hard for her own money and lifestyle. She is richer than her sister due to the system, as she was a Socialist. Also, the audience is presented with two different female role models; Marlene and Joyce. Marlene could be seen as a feminist role model – fighting against her female stereotype, and fighting for equality in the workplace where as Joyce is exactly the opposite, giving into the female stereotype of â€Å"mother†. At the same time both characters had to make sacrifices to their lifestyle in order to gain this dream of success. However, all of Marlene's hard work meant giving up her own child and family in order to pursue her success, leaving Angie in the hands of Joyce. This un-ables Joyce to pursue her dreams as she’s trapped in the entanglement Marlene put her in. A woman's American Dream is to have a full family, however this prevented Joyce from pursuing this - â€Å"i did get pregnant and i lost it because i was looking after your fucking baby.† Joyce and Linda are somewhat similar, as they both may dream of having a full family. Linda also wants to keep Willy happy. So, she therefore follows Willy’s dream - â€Å"She more than loves him, she admires him, as though his... massive dreams and little cruelties, served her as only sharp reminders of the turbulent longings within him† but she †lacks the temperament to utter and follow to their end.† Thi s dream of keeping Willy satisfied meant sacrificing the idea of a complete family, as she gives Biff and Happy an ultimatum; keep Willy happy, or they wouldn’t be welcome anymore. Willy does everything for his family but the entrapment of his illusional dream was beginning to tear his family apart because of the failure to reach his American dream, he begins to live this dream through his sons, Happy and Biff. Willy dreams of making them successful business men, as he says â€Å"Thats just the way i’m bringing them up, Ben - rugged, well-liked, all-around.† However, its because of this dysfunctional relationship thats begins to ruin the Loman family. Biff clashes with Willy as they both dream differently. Biff dreams of having a life in the

For Counselors How to Write a Strong Recommendation Letter for Your Student

For Counselors How to Write a Strong Recommendation Letter for Your Student SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips As a counselor, you play a huge role in helping students along the path to college. Throughout their four years, you support them in setting goals and making plans for after high school. When it comes time to apply, you write their letters of recommendation. Having worked as a college counselor and spent the past year as a grad student intern in a high school counseling department, I saw how much counselors do in the college planning and application process. I also saw the challenges of supporting large caseloads of students and writing hundreds of letters of recommendation, often around the same hectic time. Despite the mad rush, these counselors crafted eloquent letters customized to each and every one of their students. Based on my observations and my own experience writing letters for my students, I've compiled what I think is the most helpful advice for writing memorable and effective recommendations. I'll go over key content, structure, and style, as well as discuss what not to include in a recommendation letter. Since it's always good to keep your goals in sight, I'll start by going over the purpose of the counselor letter of recommendation. What are they for, and how do they differ from a teacher recommendation? What's the Purpose of the Counselor Letter of Recommendation? The counselor recommendation letter is givenserious consideration by admissions committees.Writing a strong letter of support is one more way that counselors can advocate for their students and help them achieve their academic and personal goals. While a teacher's recommendation may emphasize a student's academic abilities and attitude toward learning, a counselor can focus more on the student'spersonal growth and role within the school community.As a counselor, you can speak to the student's strength of character and interpersonal skills, as well as the student's goals during and following college. The best recommendations are specific and in depth, which can be a challenge for counselors with large caseloads. The national average ofstudent to counselor ratio is 471 to 1!How can a counselor get to know all her students well enough to write a personalized letter? Most schools ask students to fill out a "brag sheet," or to answer self-reflective prompts like, "Discuss a significant experience that shaped who you are today" or "Share an obstacle or challenge you overcame and what you learned from it." These brag sheets, combined with college meetings, can reveal a great deal about the student. This material, along with observations and the relationship you've had with the student over her four years in school, can go a long way toward informing your letter. To help you and students make the most of these meetings and brag sheets,what's the key content that you need for a strong letter of recommendation? What Should Go Into a Letter of Recommendation? Intuitively, most recommenders know that they should talk about their students' strengths and how great they would be at college. Most recommendation letters say positive things about a student. Butwhat makes some of them stand out among the restand truly impress admissions officers? What can you do as a counselor to boost your student's chances of getting in? The most effective letterspaint a specific portrait of a student.Rather than listing everything under the sun, they zero in on key strengths and qualities. They use powerful words, give a high ranking, avoid cliches, and tell specific stories to prove their characterization of a student. A good recommendation speaks to a student's past achievements and indicates confidence in her future success. Let's look more in depth at how to accomplish each of these things. Highlight Major Strengths and Impressive Personal Qualities The most memorable recommendation letters tell a specific story. Youdon't have to list everything on a student's resume, or strive to present them as the most well-rounded candidate the school will ever see. Often, admissions officers are impressed by a student's commitment to developing expertise or cultivating skill in a certain area. Deep achievement is generally more noteworthy than general dabbling, and your recommendation letter can reflect that. Stella's greatest strengths are her sensitivity to others and commitment to social justice. A budding intellectual, Jon is fascinated by new ideas and has a tremendous capacity to weigh many different opinions at the same time. An excellent student and strong leader, Maria stands out with her strong inner voice and assured sense of self. From Potions to Divination to History of Magic, there's no subject that Hermione hasn't mastered through sheer cleverness, effort, and determination. (This one might only work for magical universities.) I'm not suggesting that you leave out major strengths of your students, as you want to paint a dynamic picture of them as multifaceted individuals. But you should highlight the most important ones and avoid writing a list of everything they've done and been involved in. Plus, simply repeating a resume says nothing aboutyour relationship with the student.By highlighting her passion for volunteer work, love of historical research, commitment to sports, or fascination with physics, you're giving insight into what drives a student to do what she does and how she communicates and demonstrates her passions to those around her, including yourself. To best narrow down your thoughts, I've found it helpful to brainstorm what comes to mind when I think about a student. Is she especially intellectually curious, compassionate towards others, or interested in other cultures? Does she excel at creative problem-solving or at energizing others in a group setting? Once you've chosen the most important qualities that an admissions officer should know, think aboutspecific anecdotes and examplesyou can give to prove them. Let her actions speak even louder than your words. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Give Specific Examples and Anecdotes Your recommendation letter should definitelyinclude examples.Think of examples as proof of what you're saying. You can say a student is intellectual or philosophical, but that doesn't communicate very much or explain how you know that. Additionally, you could describe a conversation you had with the student about the role of technology in relationships and how she challenged you with ideas you'd never thought about before. Not only do stories help the student come to life and differentiate her from others with similar qualities, but they also show that you have a strong relationship with the student. By showing that you know her well, yourletter carries even more weight.In the eyes of admissions officers, you become especially qualified to assess her and provide a meaningful statement of support. Since I should practice what I preach, here are a few examples of using examples! Noah has an outgoing and inspiring presence in our school. As the star of our school's spring musical, he impressed everyone with his beautiful singing voice and flare for comedy. I remember laughing along with the crowd during one of his monologues, wondering how he managed to already have such tangible stage presence. Monica is remarkable for her caring and kindness toward others. After noticing that some students didn't have appropriate winter attire during last year's polar vortex, she organized a Hope Chest and donations closet, where students could "go shopping" for free gloves, scarves, boots, and coats. She even designed the closet to look like a store, with fancy coat hangers and colorful shopping bags. This extra touch and attention to detail showed me how sensitive and attuned she is to the feelings of others. To best depict your student in a memorable way, you should be careful with your language.Powerful adjectives and statements of high rankingwill stand out a lot more than language that sounds generic or lukewarm. Use Powerful Language and Rankings I found word banks of strong adjectives to be helpful when composing and revising letters. When I first sat down to write, all the cliches bounded into my head, eager to be of service. "Let's write about how she's is a good student with a lot of dedication and a heart of gold!" they'd insist. Not only would these sound cheesy and unspecific, they also don't do much to differentiate the student from anybody else. Sorry, cliches. I know you were just trying to help. Maybe next time. When drafting, and especially when revising, your letter, be on the lookout forambiguous, generic, or cliche language.Then think about what words you can use that would be more impactful and communicate exactly what you want to say. Instead of writing about how smart a student is, do you want to comment on her creative problem solving or nuanced understanding of complex issues? Is she particularly innovative in her insights or thorough in her research? Some powerful words includeanalytical, insightful, curious, observant, innovative,ormastery (of a specific subject area).Others that fall more in the arena of personal and professional strengths includemature, flexible, generous, empathetic, leader, versatile, ethical, motivated, ambitious, resourceful, andstrong communication skills. Of course, these descriptors are not sufficient on their own. As discussed above, you want touse examples from observations or interactionsto illustrate what you mean. Two students might both be ambitious but in very different ways. You always want to differentiate the applicant from all the others and comment on what makes her unique. Ahigh ranking,furthermore,can also go a long way from a counselor, especially one who has worked in the school for years. Statements like these say a lot. Always ready with a book suggestion and eager to get to English class, Juan is the most literary student I've ever worked with in my twelve years at Cumberland High School. In terms of academic talent, passion, and drive, Kate is one of the top three students I've known in my ten years as an educator. In my decade counseling students at Forks High School, I've never met a student as self-aware or driven as Edward. Saying someone is "above average" doesn't sound too strong, though, so you should probably leave out a statement of ranking unless it's particularly glowing. Finally, your letter can speak to a student's potential and talk about what you envision her doing at college and beyond. Speak to a Student's Future Success Admissions officers are aiming to build a class of dynamic, diverse students with a range of talents and interests. They want students whose past achievements point to their future success. As a counselor who has likely seen the student grow and develop over a transformative four years, you can speak to her continued growth in college. Assure admissions officers that your students will contribute academically and socially at college. Speak to what you see them doing, and how they'll be a major asset to their community. If the student has struggled in school, you could speak to her potential for growth. Statements like these can usually come in the conclusion of your letter. Based on the incredible resilience Ashley has shown throughout the challenges in her life, I have no doubt that she will continue to handle anything that comes her way with strength, grace, and a positive outlook. Considering all she's accomplished as Class President, I am confident that Sara will have a strong voice and leadership role on her college campus. Even with his mysterious absences, Edward has risen to top of his class. I'm sure he will continue to excel academically during this next chapter of his eternal life (Twilight: The College Years). While all of these elements are key for your letter of recommendation, are there any types of content that you shouldn't include in your letter? I touched upon a few of them above, but let's review what could make your letter ineffective. What Shouldn't Go Into a Letter of Recommendation? To reiterate the point, simplylisting out a student's activities and achievementswould make for a weak letter. It's not personal or insightful, and it's a reiteration of information that's present in other parts of the application. While you should speak to significant involvements, you should do so in a personal way - what drives the student and how has she demonstrated her skills, interests, or personality. On a similar note, writing about quantitative data, like GPA or number of years involved in each club, won't add much to a student's chances. It's like confirming that the student attended your school, without actually giving an assessment or recommendation. When you go through your letter, be on the lookout for generic language that could apply to a number of students. Similarly, revise anything that'sambiguous or hyperbolic. Overblown enthusiasm could sound insincere, while lukewarm praise could sound forced. Make sure you're not listing adjectives without examples. When you read over your letter, it should add value to an application by providing insight and differentiating the student from other applicants with similar grades and activities. Finally, you don't want to use a template that's very similar for a lot of students, especially if they're applying to the same colleges. Nearly identical letters would make you lose credibility in the eyes of admissions officers, and then your letter would do little to help a student get accepted. Once you've brainstormed the qualities you want to highlight and stories you want to tell, it's helpful to draft your letter with aclear structurein mind. How to Structure Your Recommendation Letter Your recommendation letter should be one page. In exceptional circumstances, you might continue onto two pages, but generally speaking it should be one full page. Less than that could look like you don't have much to say about a student. That might be the case, but admissions officers will notice that and interpret it as they will. In the introduction, you should state your recommendation for the student. Say who you are and how long and in what contexts you've known the student. This shows that you're qualified to make an assessment. As Sofia's counselor for the past four years at Degrassi High, I have had the pleasure of watching her grow into one of the most successful students in her class. James: inventor, sci-fi fan, coder extraordinaire. In my twelve years as a counselor at High School High, I've never seen a student more passionate about technological innovation than James, who has a skill for computer engineering far beyond his years. In the middle two to three paragraphs, you can dive into your assessment of the student, using the content and techniques talked about above. Highlight her impressive personal qualities, and talk about her growth. If there are any important challenges the student has had to overcome, you should share that as well. If the challenge is especially personal, I would double check with the student that she feels comfortable sharing that information. If you can tailor your assessment to the specific college, all the better. For highly selective colleges, you could attest to the student's ability to thrive in an academically rigorous environment. You could speak to her collaboration, communication, or leadership skills, to her flexibility or ambition, or to her resourcefulness and resilience. One of the most ethically driven and global minded students I've known in my 12 years as a counselor, Laura founded the Amnesty International Club at our school and worked tirelessly to involve her fellow students, faculty, and community in her campaigns for human rights and international justice. Tufts University, with its renowned international relations program, would be an ideal fit with her interests and goals for the future. As a creative, mature, and self-directed learner, Ana would thrive in Brown's environment, where she could explore her passion for science and build a rigorous curriculum that would match her goals. Finally, in the conclusion you should restate your support for the candidate. Provide a vision of what you see her accomplishing at college. Conclude with an invitation for admissions officers to contact you with any questions or for any further information. Be intentional with how you conclude your letter. Will readers be left with a strong impression of the student? Did your letter communicate exactly what you wanted to say? To review, let's go over the do's and don't's of writing a letter of recommendation. Key Points The best letters take time and thought to personalize, which can be tough to come by when you have hundreds of letters to write. By honing in on the key content and structure of good letters, you can streamline the process for yourself and cut out approaches that waste time or produce mediocre letters. Below are the key points that helped me the most when writing recommendation letters for students with all different interests, plans, and personalities. Do Be asspecificas possible, highlighting a student's major strengths and impressive personal qualities. Show, don't tell.Be demonstrative with stories and examples, rather than just descriptions. Use powerful, enthusiastic language and statements ofhigh ranking. Be careful not to use phrases that could be interpreted negatively. Talk aboutpersonal challengesthe student has overcome. Give your vision for how you see the studentcontributing to her college community. Don't Restate everything on a student'sresume. List quantitativedata. Describe a student without having examples to illustrate your points. Use generic, ambiguous, or hyperbolic language. Leave out essential insightsinto the student's character or motivations. Sound lukewarm or downright critical. Go too long or too short. Copy and paste from other letters. As a counselor, you're an indispensable part of a student's journey of self-discovery and post-high school planning. While all those letters can feel overwhelming, you're also one of the best people to advocate for your students and expertly write letters of recommendation that will help them get accepted to their dream schools. What's Next? What makes a strong letter of recommendation here?Check out ourfull guide and new examples here. For more insight on writing letters of recommendation, check out theseexamples of great college recommmendation letters from counselors. And to see what not to do, read these examples of bad recommendations from counselors (coming soon). Want to improve your SAT score by 240 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Analysis and Recommendations for the Resolution of Operational Essay - 2

Analysis and Recommendations for the Resolution of Operational Problems at EMPLOI - Essay Example EMPLOI or Employment Opportunities, Inc. is a staffing service provider established 13 years ago. Upon inception, it specialized in providing temporary staff for office related positions such as office clerks, data encoders, and administrative personnel. Three years ago, the company was sold to its new owners. Although EMPLOI has been operating with sufficient profits to sustain operations for the last 3 years, the new owners have not yet been able to recover their initial investment when they acquired the company. The current CEO believes that strategic actions need to be undertaken to solve operational problems in order to increase revenues thereby increasing profits from operations so that the owner’s initial investments can slowly be recovered. Moreover, aside from deployment of office staff, the CEO believes that diversifying into the blue collar worker market is an opportunity that EMPLOI should explore as there is the huge demand for this type of workers. This paper tak es a look at the operations of EMPLOI, identifies problems and recommends solutions to those problems. Because of her Marketing background, the Admin & Operations Manager is also the Marketing Section Head. She is responsible for the day-to-day operations of EMPLOI as well as prospecting for new clients together with the Business Development Officer. The HR & Admin Section Head is responsible for recruitment of personnel for the company’s manpower pool as well as for deployment to client companies. She is also responsible for internal HR & administrative functions for the EMPLOI office. The Accounting Section Head is responsible for payroll for all deployed personnel as well as the company’s business accounting requirements.

Economics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Economics - Assignment Example (Anderson and Cavangh, 2004)Â   The unemployment rate accelerated from 9.7 percent to 9.8 per cent in September 2009. The US economy had lost 7.2m jobs since the beginning of the crisis in 2007 and about 15.1 million people were looking for jobs. The worst hit was the construction sector, which witnessed as many as 64,000 job losses. The manufacturing and the retail sectors were no exceptions where the employer cut down were 51,000 and 39,000 respectively. In this scenario of joblessness, where the growth in the unemployment rate was showing a northward trend I had to come up with a policy to address the issue on a more serious note. There is no doubt about the fact that outsourcing enhances globalization and opens trade which has been proved to be beneficial for both the parties engaged in it but at the same time it reduces the number of jobs available to the domestic workers. So a policy implication has to be made to stop outsourcing of jobs.(Anderson and cavangh , 2004) To overco me the unemployment issue in the country I have come up policies, which would stop outsourcing of work.

Style and periods in Pablo Picasso's Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Style and periods in Pablo Picasso's Art - Essay Example The essay "Style and periods in Pablo Picasso's Art" investigates Pablo Picasso, the artist from Spain and explores the styles and periods of his incredible art. "If an artist varies his mode of expression this only means that he has changed his manner of thinking, and in changing, it might be for the better or the worse." "Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth""The several manners (styles) I have used in my art must not be considered as an evolution, or as steps toward an unknown ideal of painting". He goes on to say that different subjects requires different forms of expression but that art is only the present and is not a manifestation of past or evolutionary events. His concept of his periods were as though they were independent of each other. Though most of his paintings are so full of emotions, there is one specific painting in each period which has been designated as a "summary" painting which shows the lost he had experienced in his life. He lost his mother as a young boy; he suffered when he left Spain during the Spanish revolution; he suffered severe poverty in Paris. His emotions are implicit though the paintings they represent show the parallel of the troubled times. Three major periods will be discussed with one summary painting for each period. His blue period is the use of blue and green hues to show sadness and suffering. He started his blue period as a consequence of the suicide of his good friend. He suddenly threw himself into the abstract influence of Van Gogh Starry Nights. where paintings were no longer meant to tell a story. His blue period often showed women in prison with the children, poverty stricken prostitutes. melancholy. La Vie 1903, is a summary painting, it represents loss, grievance and hostility.(Schneider 92) The mother has a hostile face as though she is blaming her child that she is going to die. The young man is Casagemas who is elongated and has the lover he thought he lost at the cafe. There are two interpretations. In both, Picasso leaves his sad and melancholic blue period. He loved copying other artists but keeping to his own style. The Absinthe Drinker shows how he had been influenced by Gauguin. He used bright colors but shows the blue of the water bottle. (Warncke, blue-period) The blue and green colors were a work of experimenting with lighting. El Greco gave him the death like skin color that would epitomize the death like quality of 20th century suffering of the lower social classes in France. Picasso liked to be melodramat ic "the starving intellectual artist" and the bohemian life are often contributed to having come from him. (Warncke, blue-period) Rose period 1904-1906. He uses red hues and sometimes blue. He didn't like that it be called his transitional year. It is his period of circus and street performers. (Picasso 1923) The Family of Acrobats 1905 shows a group of performers and one woman performer separate from the group. It close examination of this painting, once again the theme of pity and abandonment can be seen in relationship to the way the fat red clown is looking away; the men and young girl are elongated as was Castegamas to show that they are posed. They are looking down to the woman, a sign of rejection and shame.(Schneider 92) He continued doing portraits and drawing circus performers. He was raised in the school of 19th century romanticism. His use of colors in the rose period started to show that the painting was more important that the subject. Eventually his subject became com pletely anonymous. The basis of this period was to completely transform the classicism use of the line. He stops being a portrait painter as his

British Airways Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

British Airways - Assignment Example Therefore one of the most important element of the marketing is the communication or promotion; along with the other elements such as product, price and place. Communication is a unique tool used by marketers in attempt persuades to target audience to act in a desired manner. The study looks to focus on the marketing and communications strategy of a British Airways. Over the course of the study marketing and strategic concepts such as the 4 P’s of marketing, SWOT analysis, Integrated Marketing Communication has been used. An overview of the marketing mix of the company has been provided. However, the study looks to focus on advertisement, and public relations strategy of the company. Also the social media marketing strategy of the company has been discusses as social media has emerged as a potent marketing and communications platform (Belch and Michael, 2005, p. 105). Company Overview British Airways happens to be the largest airline in the UK. The company sot privatized in th e year 1987. The company provides international and domestic carriage for mail, freight and ancillary services. In association with the franchisee partners and code share the company flies to over three hundred destinations. The company earnings are more than ?10 billion in revenue. The airline has carried more than 35 million passengers and has more than 42,000 employees. Marketing of British Airways: An overview Marketing mix is a set of elements which the company can control or manage to its advantage for marketing purpose. Neil Borden termed these manipulate elements as the ‘Marketing Mix’. The key elements of the marketing mix are product, place, price and promotion. The most integral part of the exchange process, without which there is no scope of marketing product covers the term both goods & services. To sell the product in the market the company must fix a price. Pricing of the product particularly pricing as compared to the competitors is a vital part of the m arketing. This part of the marketing mix is all about distribution of the products. The company must select the channels of distribution carefully to minimize distribution cost & get competitive advantage. The distribution network of the company includes wholesalers, retailers, franchisees, agents etc. Promotion is used by the marketers to generate demand for a product. Mainly the companies use the promotional mix to promote the product. The elements of the promotional mix are: advertisement, sales Promotion, public relation, personal selling, and direct marketing. The promotional mix happens to the core area of interest of the study. Among the elements of the promotional mix advertisement, sales promotion, public relations would be given special emphasis (Henry, 2008, p. 98). Product To be precise, British airways offers services, i.e. flights across different nations. The main USP of the product strategy is the quality of flights. The company has always been known for esteemed ser vices targeted towards the executive and business class. Pricing The pricing strategy has been derived by the company is such a way so that the consumers may book the seats based on their choice and budgets. For example, there may be some customers paying

The differences in approaces taken by female and male leadings in Dissertation

The differences in approaces taken by female and male leadings in leading change - Dissertation Example According to the research findings there has been a growing involvement of women in the workforce in recent decades and they can be seen participating actively in business and economic development. However, there still exists an imbalance in the male-female ratio in the workforce, and there is a substantial earnings gap between the genders. This inequality is more apparent in the case of women in management. The smaller number of women in top management is indicative of the fact that women do not get to climb the higher echelons in organizations easily. Some researchers call this situation as the glass ceiling, indicating that women, who are meritorious and capable, too may not be able to break the ceiling and enter the realm of top management because of their gender. There has been some research undertaken to assess the reason for the existence of a glass ceiling – or the lack of women who are deemed qualified to occupy positions in upper management. Men are often considered to be more competent than women and it is presumed that men have the leadership qualities that are needed at the higher positions. Researchers have found masculine organizational culture, which is hostile to the female workers, is also responsible for curbing the growth of female leaders. Men are thought to adopt a masculine leadership style, and even women who do pass through the glass ceiling, are expected to keep away from exhibiting their feminine side (Pai and Vaidya, 2009). Ragins, Singh, and Cornwell (2007) explained that while business organizations are struggling to hold on to their best and brightest women, the persistence of the glass ceiling makes retaining top-notch female talents challenging. Dismantling the glass ceiling requires an accurate understanding of the overt and subtle barriers to advancement faced by women, and the strategies used to overcome these barriers. Women leaders are often considered to be passive, overly relationship-oriented and emotionally unsta ble (Northouse, 2009). On the other hand, male leaders are often observed as aggressive, direct and task oriented - qualities which are perceived as attributes of good leaders (Weyer, 2007). The available research has indicated that the general concept of leadership may be one-dimensional and perceived from a masculine point of view (Pai and Vaidya, 2009; Kargwell, 2008; Weyer, 2007; Tibus, 2010; Caykoylu, 2010; Biernat, 2003). The masculine leaders are considered to be more task-oriented and exercise their authority to discipline, correct or reward the employees on the basis of the employees performance (Spurgeon and Cross, 2008). Men are associated with this masculine style of leadership owing to their gender (Thewlis, Miller and Neathy, 2004), while women are considered to follow a more feminine approach which involves being passive and giving importance to relationships over tasks (Thomas and Thomas, 2008). There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that a more relationship oriented leadership style leads to better employee motivation and performance in

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca - Essay Example Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca landed on the shores of Cuba. Next, the Spanish sailor traveled by sea towards the sunny beaches of Florida. Next, Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca’s reached the shores of the Mississippi river. Next, the sailor landed in Galvestan, United States. Finally, the famous sailor slowly but surely reached Mexico and Veracruz, as expected, the sailor’s voyage was wrought with dangers. Hurricanes were a normally sight. Many of Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca’s sailor died while trying to prevent the hurricanes from capsizing the boat. An estimated 13 sailors were able to make it to Land. The sailors landed on the shores of the Colorado River. The few survivors were able conquer the harsh nature of the rapid waters of the Colorado River. As expected, only four men remained alive during the travel. The four survivors included Alonso Maldonado and Cabeza de Baca. The other survivors included the Estevanico and Carranza. While in the United States, the Spanish travelers were able to see the huge American buffalo (Adorno 11) While in the United States, the group was able meet the other Spanish group in Culian Can during the adventurous year of 1536. The group was converse with the Mexico City officer, its governor. The sailors conversed with the Indian residents in the place. After several years, Cabeza de Vaca was able to travel back to his native land, Spain. Upon arriving in his native country, Cabeza de Vaca focused his attention to writing books. With his writing prowess, Cabeza de Vaca was able to inspire other fellow Spanish sailors to travel abroad. The other Spanish sailors included Hernando de Soto as well as Francisco Vasquez de Coronado (Pautz, 4). Upon reaching the United States, Cabeza de Vaca was able to write a very popular book (Favata 43). The book was entitled seven cities of Cbola. Cabeza de Vaca wrote about the life in the Indies. When he was in his Indies, he would love travel form one community to

The differences in approaces taken by female and male leadings in Dissertation

The differences in approaces taken by female and male leadings in leading change - Dissertation Example According to the research findings there has been a growing involvement of women in the workforce in recent decades and they can be seen participating actively in business and economic development. However, there still exists an imbalance in the male-female ratio in the workforce, and there is a substantial earnings gap between the genders. This inequality is more apparent in the case of women in management. The smaller number of women in top management is indicative of the fact that women do not get to climb the higher echelons in organizations easily. Some researchers call this situation as the glass ceiling, indicating that women, who are meritorious and capable, too may not be able to break the ceiling and enter the realm of top management because of their gender. There has been some research undertaken to assess the reason for the existence of a glass ceiling – or the lack of women who are deemed qualified to occupy positions in upper management. Men are often considered to be more competent than women and it is presumed that men have the leadership qualities that are needed at the higher positions. Researchers have found masculine organizational culture, which is hostile to the female workers, is also responsible for curbing the growth of female leaders. Men are thought to adopt a masculine leadership style, and even women who do pass through the glass ceiling, are expected to keep away from exhibiting their feminine side (Pai and Vaidya, 2009). Ragins, Singh, and Cornwell (2007) explained that while business organizations are struggling to hold on to their best and brightest women, the persistence of the glass ceiling makes retaining top-notch female talents challenging. Dismantling the glass ceiling requires an accurate understanding of the overt and subtle barriers to advancement faced by women, and the strategies used to overcome these barriers. Women leaders are often considered to be passive, overly relationship-oriented and emotionally unsta ble (Northouse, 2009). On the other hand, male leaders are often observed as aggressive, direct and task oriented - qualities which are perceived as attributes of good leaders (Weyer, 2007). The available research has indicated that the general concept of leadership may be one-dimensional and perceived from a masculine point of view (Pai and Vaidya, 2009; Kargwell, 2008; Weyer, 2007; Tibus, 2010; Caykoylu, 2010; Biernat, 2003). The masculine leaders are considered to be more task-oriented and exercise their authority to discipline, correct or reward the employees on the basis of the employees performance (Spurgeon and Cross, 2008). Men are associated with this masculine style of leadership owing to their gender (Thewlis, Miller and Neathy, 2004), while women are considered to follow a more feminine approach which involves being passive and giving importance to relationships over tasks (Thomas and Thomas, 2008). There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that a more relationship oriented leadership style leads to better employee motivation and performance in

Green Buildings in China and Europe Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Green Buildings in China and Europe - Article Example According to John Echlin, an architect who is American, public and culture drives building the design in Europe. The buildings are also constructed for permanent basis unlike in China that considers space and cost as the determinant factor in the construction of the buildings, especially in urban centers. Most of the architects in Europe are aware of the impact of the green building constructions towards the reduction of energy unlike those in China. The owner of the Chinese’s private reserve in Zhejiang province ensured that food required by the reserve is grown at the site and reduced overdependence on energy and water from the surrounding environment. Such was just an example of the green building in China but since then more and more building focusing on energy reduction and being environmental friendly have come up. An example of such a building in Europe is the Doxford solar office found at a park near Sunderland. The building design was energy responsible with the aim of saving energy which is of increased concern in Europe. Green buildings are also considered a profitable venture in Europe and China. It is, however, true that there are more buildings in Europe than in China. Unlike in Europe where public benefit and culture drives the design of the building to be constructed, Chinese constructions are based on costs and profit maximization. It is the reason that has resulted in less number of green buildings in Chi na, especially in urban centers. Multinational Corporation, hotel numbers, and large Chinese companies have however employed the practice in their buildings (Lehmann, 2010). China’s recent plans aim at reducing carbon dioxide emission and overall energy use. Regulators have been forced to focus on establishing buildings that are green and energy efficient as a way of being in line with the government’s energy reduction plan. Europe on the hand has come up with a strategy that will ensure all public houses become carbon neutral by the year two thousand and sixteen.

Feminism Essay Example for Free

Feminism Essay Feminist ideas of freedom suggest that outside social forces that are repressive can corrupt an individual’s desires and limits their thinking abilities. Jean Grimshaw was a feminist philosopher who analyzed this concept. Grimshaw with other feminists believed that these repressive forces come from male domination in society. Questions about the self are important to feminists because they are constantly trying to figure out a woman’s autonomy. Feminist philosophers have come up with many approaches to the self. Jean Grimshaw goes back to an argument from Aristotle. Aristotle questions what makes people do things voluntarily and out of free will. Aristotle says that that actions that originate from inside the self are desires or intentions and actions that originate from outside are not. Jean Grimshaw however questions whether those desires that come from outside are not really one’s own desires. There is a constant conflict between internal and external constraints. Feminist authors such as Mary Daly, Marilyn Frye and Kate Millet wrote books on how women have been conditioned in their thinking by men, therefore cannot have their own desires. Feminists agree that women are deprived of their free will because men treat them as robots and this changes a woman’s personality. Based on the books of these three authors there is many things to conclude about the self. The self is aware of its interests, it is altered because of the interference of male domination and the only way to really have a true self is to fight against those social effects of domination. A woman must understand the changes they are going through by men in society in order to reveal the self. I believe that if someone is constantly thinking that there are outside forces that disable form being they they must change that. If the male society undermines women, and women continue to accept it then they are not following their own desires. One must understand the constraints that they are dealing with in order to make independent choices to be liberated.

Nineteenth Century Europe: Autonomy and Responsibility Essay -- Essays

Nineteenth Century Europe: Autonomy and Responsibility In the nineteenth century, many changes were occurring throughout Europe. Many of these changes focused on the individual, which was an important aspect of European society. However, many changes also focused on the individuals responsibility to the nation. During this time, many individuals demonstrated their right to self-government through political systems such as liberalism, while also showing their loyalty to the nation through movements of nationalism and imperialism. During the time when Europeans became focused on the self, rather than society as a whole, liberals began to surface. Liberals promoted a limited government and desired to protect the rights of the individual. Liberalism was an autonomous political system, meaning the people believed they had the right or power of self-government. Liberals favored equality before the law for all citizens, religious toleration, and freedom of the press.1 During this period it was more important that the rights and duties of the people were acknowledged by the government, rather than the government focusing solely on gaining money and power. Many advancements were made during the nineteenth century that improved the self governing system that Europe desired. The Second Industrial Revolution occurred during which the agricultural and industrial world developed, improving the standard of living. Many Europeans began migrating to cities with the hopes of finding better jobs and better lives. The standard of living greatly improved and the autonomous system of liberalism prospered. As more and more individuals began focusing on their rights and duties as individuals, they also began focusing on their res... ...Western Civilization, 168. 6 War and Civilizationà ® in Rogers, Aspects of Western Civilization, 180. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bibliography Smith, Helmut Walser. German Nationalism and Religious Conflict: Culture, Ideology, Politics, 1870-1914. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1995. This book explores the relationship between religion and the national identity of Germany. In particular it touches on the conflict between Protestants and Catholics as Germany strove to create its own liberal identity. Smith also provides an analysis of the social, cultural, and political dimensions of German life. Finally, Smith explores the role of political Protestantism and the nature of the national identity in Germany today.

Diferencias Entre Investigación Cualitativa y Cuantitativa :: El método científico

El objetivo de cualquier ciencia es adquirir conocimientos y la eleccià ³n del mà ©todo adecuado que nos permita conocer la realidad es por tanto fundamental1. El problema surge al aceptar como ciertos los conocimientos errà ³neos o viceversa. Los mà ©todos inductivos y deductivos tienen objetivos diferentes y podrà ­an ser resumidos como desarrollo de la teorà ­a y anà ¡lisis de la teorà ­a respectivamente. Los mà ©todos inductivos està ¡n generalmente asociados con la investigacià ³n cualitativa mientras que el mà ©todo deductivo està ¡ asociado frecuentemente con la investigacià ³n cuantitativa. Los cientà ­ficos sociales en salud que utilizan abordajes cualitativos enfrentan en la actualidad problemas epistemolà ³gicos y metodolà ³gicos que tienen que ver con el poder y la à ©tica en la generacià ³n de datos asà ­ como con la validez externa de los mismos2. La investigacià ³n cuantitativa es aquella en la que se recogen y analizan datos cuantitativos sobre variables. La investigacià ³n cualitativa evita la cuantificacià ³n. Los investigadores cualitativos hacen registros narrativos de los fenà ³menos que son estudiados mediante tà ©cnicas como la observacià ³n participante y las entrevistas no estructuradas3. La diferencia fundamental entre ambas metodologà ­as es que la cuantitativa estudia la asociacià ³n o relacià ³n entre variables cuantificadas y la cualitativa lo hace en contextos estructurales y situacionales4. La investigacià ³n cualitativa trata de identificar la naturaleza profunda de las realidades, su sistema de relaciones, su estructura dinà ¡mica. La investigacià ³n cuantitativa trata de determinar la fuerza de asociacià ³n o correlacià ³n entre variables, la generalizacià ³n y objetivacià ³n de los resultados a travà ©s de una muestra para hacer inferencia a una poblacià ³n de la cual toda muestra p rocede. Tras el estudio de la asociacià ³n o correlacià ³n pretende, a su vez, hacer inferencia causal que explique por quà © las cosas suceden o no de una forma determinada. Las diferencias mà ¡s ostensibles entre ambas metodologà ­as se muestran en la tabla 1 5-6. Los fundamentos de la metodologà ­a cuantitativa podemos encontrarlos en el positivismo que surge en el primer tercio del siglo XIX como una reaccià ³n ante el empirismo que se dedicaba a recoger datos sin introducir los conocimientos mà ¡s allà ¡ del campo de la observacià ³n. Alguno de los cientà ­ficos de esta à ©poca dedicados a temas relacionados con las ciencias de la salud son Pasteur y Claude Bernard, siendo este à ºltimo el que propuso la experimentacià ³n en medicina1. A principios del siglo XX, surge el neopositivismo o positivismo là ³gico siendo una de las aportaciones mà ¡s importantes la induccià ³n probabilà ­stica.

Lawsuit In Movies

The movie North Country featured Josey Aimes, the woman with two kids who only wanted to make life better and happier for her family. After leaving her abusive husband, she found a job as hairdresser. But learning that working in the local mine could pay her good enough, she applied for it not knowing the prejudices and negations received by women miners. As days passed by in her life as a miner, she started to notice the dominance of the clan of Adam in that part of the country. Everyday, she could hear sexist jokes, and disrespectful comments from male coworkers, she began to outrage turning herself the object of hate, but at the same time, of lust. She later found out that the women in her hometown were so scared to come out of their shell†¦ that nobody even wanted to stand by her side. With the help of a local lawyer, she filed for a sexual harassment case against her workplace, when she was nearly raped. The movie opened with a big bang of emotions and scenarios that continuously built the excitement of any viewer to follow the journeys and decisions made by the female protagonist. Events like going away from her husband, getting inside the manly world of mining, and being the herculean woman amidst the fangs and stings of men, kept true to the philosophy of Niki Caro – women empowerment, like the Whale Rider. The director was able to present the powerhouse impact of the scenes attributed to a community enveloped in discrimination against women. Charlize Theron played the protagonist woman and added merits to her credentials. North Country was based on the case filed and won by Lois Jensen against the Eveleth Mines. It took over two decades before the charge was settled. Indeed, she made history by changing the course of sexual harassment law in the United States of America. The lawsuit created rooms for the rights of women against sexual harassment, discrimination and other negative actions towards women in the workplace. Erin Brokovich With three children to give a decent life, she asked her lawyer to help her get a work. She later found her career in researching about the case of water pollution and sickness among the children in a small town. She then excavated that the cause was the toxic wastes dumped by the huge company in the area. The worse part was that the company was trying to hide it from investigations. The company was so powerful that it could just make her dead in the records, but she was not stopped by this. She went an extra mile just to expose the truth. But she is not your ordinary good girl, smart employee in the office. She had skeletons in her closets, too. She usually left her children with her biker boyfriend, acting like she was not the mother. Dressed like a whore, she made Erin Brokovich heroine in a small town when she brought down a deep-pocketed company. Steven Soderbergh directed this film with wit and passion. He maximized the potentials, including the natural sexiness, of Julia Roberts, who played the role so effectively in return. This might have driven the female part of the audience crazy of desiring to be like Erin in their worlds. Every woman wanted to be the new modern woman, dressing casually but could carry the world when asked to. This is like a refresher movie of what Roberts was in the Pretty Woman, the role that made her the highest-paid and the most sought-after actress in Hollywood. The movie was based on the story of Erin Brokovich who helped the burdened community win over the Pacific Gas & Electric Company. She did not have the looks or appearance of a lawyer. But she managed to go on her way to help in the success of the largest settlement for a direct lawsuit ever. This clearly shows that if you have done something bad, it will haunt you no matter where you are and what status you belong. Moreover, no matter how good you are in hiding or covering your wrongdoings, the issue itself could find itself in the surface. A Civil Action A community struck with something that made the people vulnerable to skin rashes, and a leukemia outbreak among the youth, was finally put to limelight when they start to take their fate against two big corporations. The residents wanted someone to apologize for the death of their children. Their need for someone to defend them came at the right time for the firm of Jan Schlichtmann, who chose cases they believe they could get to success. Usually, their clients were poor, putting a pro-people and pro-justice on their image. But in his mind and heart, the lawyer was hoping for large settlement money. As they were getting through the lawsuit, the firm was also continuously sinking below the line of bankruptcy. The movie was based on the primary accounts of Jonathan Harr during the proceedings. This embedded the movie inside the courtroom. Stories about the Woburn victims were set aside for the presentation of what really happened inside the hearing of the case. John Travolta gave justice to the character of Schlichtmann, as being the ambitious lawyer, who wanted to nail down WR & Grace and Beatrice Foods, for a substantial amount of money. He also made a mistake when he was carried with the story of one of the victims. Robert Duvall, who played the antagonist Jerome Facher, also made a great effort in his role as the lawyer of one of the companies involved in the issue. Environmental crime is probably one of the celebrated cases in the history of man. This is because different sectors participate in the deliberation of points, trying to sound pro-environment. Oftentimes, big industrial companies are usually the subjects. Justice has its price, goes the tagline of the movie that peeked through the climax of the movie wherein the victims got a whopping amount of settlement money. This shows the negative attachments of the judicial system of the country. It made clear that money could have the power to break the shield of morality, humanity, and most of all, love. Reference: Caro, N (dir). 2005. North Country. USA: Warner Bros. Pictures. Soderbergh, S (dir). 2000. Erin Brokovich. USA: Jersey Films. Zaillian, S (dir). 1998. A Civil Action. USA: Touchstone Pictures.      

Eth 125 Final Project

ETH/125 Final Project Diversity in America History has never been one of my favorite subjects; however this class has sparked a new interest in me in regards to my culture and how that culture came to be. This Cultural Diversity course has made me pay more attention to the people around me. I think this awareness has helped me relate to and also understand people in a way that I never have before. The one thing that totally surprised me was finding out that white privilege was something real. I thought that this was an ill feeling and belief that mostly Black people had in regards to the White race.White people, in my mind, had it all; they had certain advantages simply because they were White. The White Privilege section in Chapter 13 of Racial Ethnic Groups states a few of those advantages. I knew that being considered financially reliable, having the ability of articulation, and seeing people of the same race being represented in popular media were common advantages of the White r ace. Consequently, I thought they saw themselves as privileged and were proud about it. The information from this course that will be the most memorable is that, in general, the people from the White race do not see themselves as have any ethnicity.They feel as though they have been separated from their European roots; they are simply Caucasian. They are also victims of reverse discrimination; I almost laughed the first time I read this in the text. Now, I know that this is a laughing matter. I have seen evidence of this in my life. I asked 50 of my neighbors a yes or no question. This question was: â€Å"Do you believe that most Black people would label a random White person they see on the street as a racist? † Out of the 50 people, of evenly varied ethnicities, 41 of them replied with a yes.These results are a relevant example of how much diversity affects the person, currently and throughout history. Something New With my mother being Black and my father being Puerto Rica n, I have always been curious about my cultural roots; however, they both passed away when I was very young, so I never had the chance to inquire about my Hispanic side. One of things that I learned from this course was that there are about 4. 4 million Puerto Ricans here in the United States; I never could have imagined that number being so great in value.Another surprising fact I learned was that between the years of 1990 and 2009, the population of Puerto Ricans in New York fell by more than 100,000. U. S. Population in Year 2050 Let’s take a break on the present and think about the future of the United States. With all of the immigrants relocating here daily, along with the increasing amounts of interracial marriage, it should come to no surprise that by the year 2050 the Whites will no longer be the majority race. The Black, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American portion of the population is estimated to rise from 36 percent to 54 percent.This nation is comparable to a sup er-magnet; America attracts people from all over the world. The population is expected to rise 100 million by the year 2050, but this number all depends on the amount of immigration. Estimates of the United States population around the year 2050 vary from the U. N. ’s 404 million to the U. S. Census Bureau’s 422 to 458 million. U. S. + Diversity = Challenges The challenges that the United States have faced and overcome are a small reflection of the future challenges that America will have in the future.There will be challenges based around race, equality/inequality, and energy in the future. My great-grandmother said, â€Å"There is nothing new under the sun. Some days are just a shade darker or brighter in some people’s eyes. † I also believe that illegal immigration will become more of a problem in the future because of the direct relation that it has to the American population. The more people who come illegally, has a direct relation to certain increa ses in crime for most major cities.This is because they are not able to work in America legally; they have to get their money somehow, and illegal crimes is the most common choice of immigrants who come here illegally. Benefits of a Diverse Society Benefits of a diverse society help in every aspect of our individual lives and in our lives as a whole. People of different cultures offer different views in many areas. These benefits enrich our lives and the acceptance of those benefits is enriching to the immigrants’ lives. The different seasonings at your local supermarket are a very small example of this country’s diversity.People bring their cultures with them; those cultures, beliefs, and ways of living are new to us and many have been adapted and frequently used by the American people in their everyday lives. For example, acupuncture originally was used solely by the Chinese/Oriental people, but there are currently hundreds of thousands of people in America that eith er use, or practice acupuncture. Climate of Acceptance and Cultural Pluralism The question was posed, â€Å"How can we foster a climate of acceptance and cultural pluralism in the U. S. My very simple answer is by treating others the way that you would want to be treated by others. Compared to when my mother was a teenager, the level of â€Å"rudeness† is more than topped the charts. It seems like the everyday, normal â€Å"Joe† and â€Å"Jane† are always in a rut or exhibiting anger in some form. I believe this is a reaction what goes on their lives, like the people they interact with. So if the current reaction is different from past reactions, in a way it could be tied to their understanding of the people around them.Diversity is very scary for some; those people feel this way because of some personal fear or cultural fear that has been passed down to them. The way to overcome this fear, is to prove this fear wrong. If I fear white people because I think the y will look down on me, then I should be around them more to find out if that is true for every person of that race. Since that is not likely, it will prove that not every person of every race is that specific way. This is how we become more pluralistic. Meet more people of different races and ethnicities and your life will become more enriched.A Change for Pluralism Pluralism is the term used for when people of all racial and ethnic groups have equal overall standings in their social lives; furthermore, the different identity groups coexist, but they also maintain their own distinctive cultures. As of yet, the United States has not achieved social pluralism, but if we all put forth our best efforts to change some of our behaviors, we could more than possibly achieve this incredible goal. Personally, the first behavioral change that I would make would be to avoid telling, listening, and participating in ethnic-based jokes.I believe that people sometimes do not realize how hurtful th ose â€Å"LOL’s† can be. Reading books/magazines and watching plays and movies about various groups not of your own can better acquaint and prepare you for face to face interactions. The most exciting change that I will make is learning about the various cultures, along with their beliefs, and traditions. Embracing and experiencing at least some part of another group’s ways, helps to close the gap between cultures and brings our society a little closer to being pluralistic.This world is ours to make wonderful. Diversity is something that will enrich our lives, but has hindered our progress as a whole in the past. Pluralism is the next step in progression for the human race. Embrace your neighbor and all of their differences. References American Multicultural Publications, 2007-2012, Cultural diversity, www. diversity-books. com Wikipedia, September 2012, cultural pluralism, http://wikipedia. org Wendy Baldwin, November 2012, Population Reference Bureau, www. prb . org John J. Macionis, 2011-2012, Social Problems, Pearson

How does Fitzgerald tell the story in chapter 6 of The Great Gatsby?

Fitzgerald uses Nick to introduce the readers to the evolution of ‘James Gatz’ to Gatsby. Straight away Nick is telling the story in retrospect, once again which is an indication that the narrative is based more on his thoughts and interpretations than facts – meaning his reliability can’t always be trusted, and starts the chapter about Gatsby straight away and how there is an ‘ambitious young reporter’ on his ‘day off’ to question Gatsby. He is there to gain information from Gatsby about the rumours of him being a ‘German Nazi’ and his popularity over the recent summer. This is actually a use of foreshadowing because they are not there for Gatsby but to question his ‘accepted hospitality’ which is later seen in chapter 9 where people gather to reveal information about the ‘madman’ Wilson and the death of Gatsby, not actually Gatsby himself, just the role he plays. This chapter is not told in chronological order, due to Nick admitting he tells the anecdote of Gatsby’s past, first and Gatsby ‘told me all this very much later’ which means Fitzgerald decided to show the reader of Gatsby’s past of ‘unsuccessful farm people’ to another lavish party Gatsby throws so the reader understand how he got from point A to B. This is also part of Nick’s manipulating narrative because we are told how Gatsby ‘didn’t get it’ (the money from Dan Cody) which paints Gatsby is a good light because he built up his own wealth from not wanting to be a ‘janitor’ anymore. However, its also the work of Tom do we understand Gatsby and Nick aren’t being completely open about his wealth because Tom suddenly suggests Gatsby is a ‘bootlegger’ meaning Nick starts the chapter with an anecdote of Gatsby’s heroic attempt to save Dan Cody’s yacht but refuses the admit h e then later created his money from illegal behaviour. The main setting of chapter 6 is Gatsby house. However, it’s seen at day time and night. In the day time we see how Gatsby has guests who include Tom Buchanan are ready to leave. They invite Gatsby but end up leaving without him. This shows how Gatsby isn’t really anyone’s friend and that people really do use him for his ‘hospitality’ not friendship. This shows how ‘twilight’ contrasts against the ‘Sunday afternoon’ to show how Gatsby is polite and welcomes people into his home but no one will repay the favour. This, however, could be another manipulation made by Nick to get sympathy for Gatsby because this is all told in retrospect meaning when we hear how, in chapter 9, that Nick is ‘on Gatsby side and all alone’ he could be using previous chapters, like 6, to manipulate the past. Fitzgerald also uses motifs and colour to tell the story in chapter 6. This is conspicuous when Daisy says to Nick, ‘present a green card. I’m giving out green-.’ This is to show mouldy love because Daisy had previously said; ‘if you want to kiss me’ which Nick would not want to do because he does not love Daisy, meaning the ‘green card’ is a representation of mouldy love. However, it must not be forgotten that Gatsby looks at the dock for the ‘green light’ before reuniting with Daisy, which could be a suggestion from Fitzgerald to show how Gatsby’s and Daisy’s love has expired over the ‘5 years next November’ yet both of them are unable to admit it. This is also a use of foreshadowing because green can also represent freedom, freedom is actually what Tom and Daisy always seem to convey after something has gone wrong, meaning that they are able to move on swiftly after events, such as Gatsby and Myr tles death.

Explain why contemporary cities are increasingly keen to develop their Essay

Explain why contemporary cities are increasingly keen to develop their roles as event hosts and evaluate the potential problems associated with this strategic objective - Essay Example For an event to be able to give a city the recognition it requires, it must be a big one that leaves a mark on the history of the world rather than just being a local event (Musgrave, 2009). As s result, many cities seek and strive to win the chance to host such big events. When a city wins the opportunity to host one of such big events, they stand a chance to benefit in the following ways; As Levy (1997) says, hosting a major event makes it possible for the city to increase its recognition in the global community of cities. Such events attract a lot of coverage by the international media not only during the time of the event but also during the preparation for the events. The preparation of the event can take years and during this time, the city gets coverage by international media such as CNN and this increases its visibility in the international arena. This visibility and recognition is important in many ways. For instance, it attracts a range of people from all over the world, both for short term stay and for long term stay. For short term visitors, this has short term economic benefits because these people have to bring in foreign exchange and also promote a number of businesses in the city. For long term visitors who end up going to stay in the city, the city will benefit from diversification of its population. In a global village, the need for a diversified comm unity in a city has advantages that go beyond economic measures and therefore cannot be measured. Sporting events, apart from increasing the profile of a city can also bring in long term economic benefits through increased foreign direct investments. Investors, if they think that the sporting event will be a good way to launch a business, may want to invest in the city (OECD, 2008). These investments may be such as hotels and other investments that the investors from outside the city may feel that the sporting event will crop up investments opportunities for. Apart from foreign

Capital punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Capital punishment - Essay Example However, the debate concerning capital punishment according to Sustein and Vermeule is merely centered on an unquestioned assumption that acts are morally different from omissions in the eye of the government, and the failure to question this assumption is a fundamental moral error. In this case, they argue that â€Å"an indefensible form of the act or omission distinction is important to some of the leading objections to capital punishment† (Sustein and Vermeule 705). Therefore, defenders of capital punishment have failed to notice the logical conclusion of their theory that capital punishment is in fact morally obligatory and not just permissible, by making the same distinction. To this end, Sustein and Vermeule suggest that on the strength of certain empirical assumptions, capital punishment may not only be permissible, but also it may be a moral requirement to discourage the taking of innocent lives, rather than for punitive reasons. Steiker critiques Cass Sunstain and Adr ian Vermeule’s argument that establishment of the validity of recent empirical studies that have associated capital punishment with a substantial deterrent effect should lead consequentialists and deontologists to conclude that capital punishment is not only morally permissible, but also morally required. Steiker (751) contends that â€Å"while the empirical evidences suggesting associations between capital punishment and considerable levels of deterrence are highly suspect, acknowledging that the government has special moral duties does not render inadequately deterred private murders the moral equivalent of government executions.† In this case, Steiker argues that executions constitute not only a purposeful moral wrong, but also a distinctive sort of injustice and acceptance of ‘threshold’ deontology does not call for a commitment to capital punishment, the proven substantial deterrence notwithstanding. In addition, Steiker suggests that Sustein and Verm eule imposes the acceptance of brutal or disproportionate punishments, and urges that not even consequentialists should be convinced with the argument that capital punishment is morally required (Steiker 786). The two articles disagree on the issue that capital punishment is morally required; whereas Sustein and Vermeule claim that capital punishment is not only permissible but also morally required, particularly give the proven empirical evidence between capital punishment and deterrence, Steiker firmly refutes their conclusion. Steiker faults Sustein and Vermeule because their conclusion automatically sanctions the acceptance of brutal and disproportionate punishments. This is because according to Steiker, capital punishment is not morally required because it is both a moral wrong and an injustice. The disagreement between Sustein and Vermeule, and Steiker is both sociological and legal in nature, particularly because whereas the former content that the government has the moral ob ligation of deterring the taking of innocent lives, the latter contend that capital punishment is morally required wrong and unjustifiable. Whereas Steiker arrives at his conclusion by critiquing and countering Sustein and Verme